【初中英语完型填空指导】
【初中英语完形填空指导】
英语是一门结构性语言。在使用英语时必须具备三个意识,即词形变化意识,时态和语态意识和句子结构意识。而完型填空题,最能提现学生对英语的掌握情况了。那我们该如何应对呢?
分析如下:
一、完形填空题,常常填入的词主要有:
1. 普通词的语法变换,如动词的时态、主动语态、被动语态,名词的单、复数,代词的所有格,形容词和副词的比较级、最高级等等。
2. 各种功能词,如连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等等。
比如状语从句分类及常用连词:
时间状语从句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc.
地点状语从句 where, wherever
原因状语从句 because, since, as, for, now that, etc.
目的状语从句 in order that, so that, that, etc.
结果状语从句 so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc.
条件状语从句 if, unless, as (so) long as, etc.
让步状语从句 though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,etc.
比较状语从句 as…as, so…as, than, etc.
方式状语从句 as, as if, as though, etc.
再比如,定语从句的
关系代词:who, whom, whose, that, which, as
关系副词:when, where, why
等等
3. 固定短语搭配、词组中的特定词、介词等
比如,
at the same time 同时;然而
at dawn 在黎明
at the cost of 以……的代价
at the sight of 一看到……
at the age of 在……岁时
above all 最重要的是
apart from 除此以外……
in the face of 面对,面临
in addition to 除……以外
in case of 万一
in charge of 负责,主管
in the charge of 在……的管理之下
in control of 控制,掌握,管理
in search of 寻找
in honor of 为了纪念……
in exchange for 作为交换
in favor of 赞成,支持
in fear of 害怕
in need of 需要
in a hurry 匆忙
in the way 碍事,挡路
in the meanwhile 与此同时
in the hope of 抱着……的希望
in no way 决不
in preparation for 为……做准备
in response to 作为回应
in turn 依次;转而
in return (for) 作为(对……的)回报
in sight 看得见;在视野之内
in spite of 尽管,虽然
in possession of 拥有
in the possession of 被……拥有
be of help 有帮助的
be of importance 重要的
be of significance 有重大意义的
on the contrary 相反
on account of 因为;由于
on behalf of 代表
on the basis of 以……为基础
on the point of ... 正要……
with regard to 关于
再比如,
at表示片刻的时间;in表示一段时间;on总是与具体日子有关,since指从过去到现在的一段时间,和完成时连用;from指从时间的某一点开始;through指自始至终,从头到尾
4. 平时易混淆词,比如一些近义词等等。
比如,must表示“非得,偏要”;shall用于第二、三人称表示警告、命令、威胁、允诺、规定等;should意为“竟然”等等。besides指“除了……还有,再加上”,其宾语包括在内;except指“除了”,其宾语不包括在内;except for强调整体中的细节,意思是“只是”,前后的事物不属于同类;but for意思是“要不是”。
二、完形填空的解题技巧
1、通读全文,了解大意,再细细作答
应该先把文章通读一遍,了解一下全文的大概内容。千万不要读一句填一句像一句完一句,因为题目后面大多数选项填入该空后,几乎都可成立,但从全文看又不可取,不通顺意思,所以,得先了解全文大意再下手。
2、先易后难,通篇考虑,反复推敲
先易后难,通篇考虑,反复推敲。这是做完形填空题的关键步骤。对于一时难以确定的、刚开始拿不定主意的空,我们先绕过去,做后面的,等到通篇做完,也许头脑子就有了这空的想法。当然,我们得考虑到选项中不同单词的细微差别,还要考虑前后文之间的逻辑关系和内在联系,反复地推敲。
3、做完后通读,适当调整
当所有的空全部填完以后,最好把passage从头到尾再读一遍,看看文章是否连贯,语法结构是否正确。如果前后意思连贯,情节合理,语法结构正确,就意味着填空没有问题。
三、举例分析
Mr. john loved his son jaden very much. Every day he spent all of his free time 1 ___with him. One night, he had much work to do, 2___couldn't play with his son. In order to keep his 3 ___, he found a map of the world in a magazine and cut it into pieces. When he 4___ , jaden came running to him and was ready to play. Mr. john said he had 5___time to play fight now. He told the boy to put the pieces of paper back together to a map of the world, and then they could both play.
About half an hour later, jaden came to his father and said, 'Okay, it's finished. Can we play now? ' Mr. john was surprised saying, 'That's 6___ Let's go and see. ' And sure enough, there was the picture of the world; all put together, every 7___ in its place.
Mr. john said, 'That's surprising! 8___ did you do that?' jaden said, 'It was 9 ___. On the back of the page was a picture of a 10___.When I put the man together, the whole world fell into place. '
做题过程与分析:
先通读,了解大意。本文讲的是一位疼爱儿子的父亲,经常和儿子玩耍。有一天,他很忙,为了让儿子能自己玩,就把世界地图撕碎,让儿子拼起来。结果,儿子很快弄完了。原来儿子看的是反面的人形图片。
再细细做题:
1. A. crying B. playing C. running D. walking
分析:B. 由下句couldn’t play with提示,平时他喜欢和儿子玩耍。
2. A. and B. but C. or D. then
分析:A. and “和”表示并列;并且”;but “但是”表示转折;or“否则”,表示条件; then“然后”,表示承接 ;此处表示两个并列的动作had和couldn’t , 要用A。
3. A. busy B. free C. warm D. sleepy
分析:A .父亲没有时间和儿子玩耍,所以目的是让儿子也忙起来。
4. A. got home B.left home
C. got he office D.left to the office
分析:A. 儿子跑来找他玩。由此推测是刚到家。故选A
5. A. no B. enough C. much D. some
分析:A .此处表达的是“没有时间玩”,故用no。其它的词,都表示能有时间玩。
6. A. right B. wrong C. impossible D. possible
分析:C.由surprise提示,父亲觉得这么快完成是不可思议的。故选C。
7. A. piece B. picture C. map D. page
分析:A .由前文…put the pieces of paper back提示,应该是把piece “碎片”放好了。
8. A. When B. Why C. Where D. how
分析:D.此处表示询问方式“你怎么做到的”。故选D。
9. A. hard B. difficult C. simple D. different
分析:C. hard “难的”;simple“简单的”;difficult“困难的”;different “不同的”.由他儿子说的可知,很简单。故选C。
10. A. boy B. girl C. man D. woman
分析:C 由下句the man,知道选C。
可见,完形填空是一种综合性较强的题型。初中的同学们只有具备了扎实的英语基本功、较好的阅读能力,才能完美地作答这一类题型的题!希望本篇文章能帮助到初中生去提升作答完型填空的能力!