防晒霜正在破坏海洋？
The Earth's coral reefs, some of the most diverse and valuable ecosystems in the world, are facing a number of serious threats.
地球上的珊瑚礁是世界上最为多样而珍贵的生态系统，如今它们正面临一些严重的威胁。
Beyond large-scale events like climate change, local stressors, including persistent sunscreen pollution, are contributing to their destruction, experts say.
专家称，除了一些像全球变暖这样的大事件之外，一些当地因素，包括持续性的防晒霜污染，也在导致珊瑚礁的破坏。
While coral communities can be found at varying depths, shallow-water reefs occupy approximately 110,000 square miles of the sea floor, roughly the size of Nevada -- according to data compiled by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
尽管不同的深度都能看到珊瑚礁群，浅水的珊瑚礁占据了海床的大约110,000平方英里的面积，几乎相当于内华达州的大小，根据国家海洋气象局提供的数据显示。
In some cases, coral reefs have been shrinking dramatically.
在有些地区，珊瑚礁群正在剧烈地缩减。
Several on Maui, in the Hawaiian Islands, lost nearly 25% of their living coral between 1994 and 2006, "primarily as a result of human influence," Hawaii's Department of Land and Natural Resources said.
夏威夷群岛中的毛伊岛中，有几个珊瑚礁在1994到2006年期间，有25%的活珊瑚死去了，这主要是因为人类的影响，夏威夷的土地和自然资源部称。
The most dramatic decline was at Honolua Bay, in Maui, where coral cover dropped from 42% to 9%.
下降最明显的是毛伊岛的火炉鲁瓦海湾，那里的珊瑚礁群覆盖率从42%降到了9%。
These reefs, which require clear water and sunlight to fuel energy production through photosynthesis, support more marine species than any other undersea habitat, while sustaining nearly half a billion people as sources of food and income, including tourism.
这些珊瑚礁需要清澈的海水和阳光，才能够通过光合作用进行充分的能量生产，它们所养育的海洋生物比任何其他的栖息地都多，同时维持着近五亿人的食物和收入，包括旅游业来源。
In Hawaii, for instance, 60% of the state's tourist income comes from reef visitors.
例如，在夏威夷，该州的旅游业收入中，有60%都来自于珊瑚礁游客。
Tourism can have significant negative impacts on coastal destinations near the world’s coral reefs.
旅游业有可能会给海边珊瑚礁群附近的海岸地区带来明显的负面效应。
In many cases, local infrastructure is strained, waste treatment is mismanaged and as a result, natural habitats are destroyed.
经常出现当地的基础设施建设滞后，废弃物处理不当，从而导致自然栖息地的破坏。
In tropical areas such as Kahalu'u Bay on the Big Island of Hawaii, the nearly 400,000 visitors and beachgoers per year has resulted in a steady stream of chemical pollutants commonly found in sunscreens and lotions being introduced to local waters.
在一些热带地区，例如夏威夷主岛的卡卢哈海湾，约有40万名游客和海滩工作人员，这导致了当地水域中，经常可以发现一些防晒霜和乳液成分，里面含有化学污染物。
Dr. Craig Downs, executive director of the non-profit Haereticus Environmental Laboratory in Virginia, which is dedicated to studying and conserving natural habitats, detailed the dangers to the Hawaiian reef.
克拉格·唐斯博士是弗吉尼亚州的非营利的海尔瑞提卡斯环境实验室的执行主任，他们致力于研究和保育自然栖息地以及对夏威夷珊瑚礁群的威胁。
"Kahalu'u -- it's dying," he said.
“卡哈卢的珊瑚礁群正在死去，”他说。
"Sunscreen pollution can impact not just coral, but potentially all of the organisms on a coral reef," including fish, seagrass, sea turtles and other marine mammals, he added.
“防晒霜污染伤害的不止有珊瑚，还有所有珊瑚礁上的生命体，”包括鱼类，海草，海龟以及其他的海洋哺乳动物，他补充说。
"No sunscreen is reef safe. If you have 30 or 3,000 people going into an upland pool or a bay, that sunscreen pollution can have an impact," Downs said.
“所有的防晒霜都会影响到珊瑚礁，如果有30甚至3000个人进入到泳池，或者海湾里，这些防晒霜污染就会带来明显的影响。”唐斯说道。
“If a person puts on a long sleeve shirt during the peak UV of the day they don’t need to put on sunscreen on that part of their body. That is more than 50% reduction in sunscreen pollution.”
“假如人们在一天中UV值最高的时候穿上长袖衬衣，那么他们就不需要擦防晒霜了，这就可以减少50%的防晒霜污染。”
"We firmly believe that everyone wants to make good choices -- they just might not know how," said Theresa van Greunen, senior director of Aqua-Aston Hospitality in Honolulu, Hawaii.
“我们坚信每个人都愿意做正确的事情—他们只是还不知道如何去做。”特雷莎·范·格罗伦说道，她是夏威夷果奴奴奴一家酒店的高级主任。
"By raising awareness we help people know how, and each little choice we influence can lead to big change," she said.
“通过提高人们的意识，我们帮人们了解到，我们的每一次选择最后可以带来巨大的改变。”她说。
问题
文中提到了哪种用品对海洋会造成巨大破坏？
留言回复正确答案，前十名朋友可以获得红包奖励哦，赶快来试试吧。
感谢关注
跟amber一起看世界