20190525长难句

【昨日回顾】

It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive.

虽然我们可以说衡量任何社会机构价值的标准是其在丰富和完善人生经验方面所起的作用，但这种作用并非其最初动机的一个部分。

【长难句】

Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc.

【结构解析】

1.该句词汇较难，句子主干为三个分句的并列。

2. 第一个分句为完整的主谓结构，即：religious association /began; in the desire to secure …and to ward off 为目的状语；in the desire to …类似于in order to …

3. 第二、三个分句为省略句，省略了谓语动词began，一般而言，当前后句子为相同结构的并列关系且谓语动词相同时，就可以省略后面的谓语部分。因此，第二、三句的完整主干为：family life began … ; systematic labor began ….

【词的处理】

religious adj.宗教信仰的；宗教的:

association n. 协会；社团；联盟

overrule vt. 否定,拒绝,更改决定

ward off  防止,避免,

evil adj. 恶毒的；邪恶的:

gratify vt. 使高兴；使满意:

appetite n.强烈欲望

perpetuity n. 永远；永久

for the most part 在很大程度上

enslavement n. 奴役

【参考译文】

Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc.

比如，宗教社团产生于这样一种愿望：确保反抗强权压迫、阻挡邪恶势力影响；家庭生活产生于满足欲望、确保家庭永续的愿望之下；而系统的劳动在很大程度上始于对他人的奴役等。

【明日长难句】

Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.

彦祖老师，陪您征战考研和四六级