整合技术情报分析人员需要在数据科学和人工智能方面发展出某种程度的数字智慧,但是,与真正的技术专家合作,如数据科学家、机器学习工程师和产品设计师,则可以释放出人工智能分析的真正潜力。将数据科学家纳入到分析部门中,将有助于数据科学家理解和分析问题集,帮助分析人员理解相关的人工智能,联合构建和定制模型,将正确的工具应用到正确的数据集上,并产生出有意义的结果12。机器学习工程师和产品设计师要接触分析员的最终用户,以了解如何设计、构建和调整软件、工具和接口,以适应分析人员的独特要求。扩散零星的成就在为全系统范围内的技术采纳创建数字基础设施和制度化激励措施的同时,情报部门领导层还应授权个人主管和任务中心去获取、试验和采用适合他们独特任务需要的分析工具。某些分析任务,特别是像反恐这样更侧重于实用情报的任务,将更适合利用人工智能/机器学习。但是情报部门的领导者应该确定技术转型单位的属性、规范和最佳实践,并寻求传播经验教训,以在整个部门激励创造性方法。教育政策制定者情报分析的价值最终源于产品对政策客户的影响,以及客户对其分析质量、清晰度和解释其判断的透明度的信任。随着情报部门将人工智能和数据分析整合到其产品中,分析人员必须要能清楚而令人信服地向决策者解释这些技术是如何应用的,它们在形成评估中的相对权重,以及它们对关键判断的信心水平的影响。分析员要成为人工智能和分析应用的教育者,并学会与基于人工智能分析做出关键政策和行动决策的战略领导者建立信任。在充实和推动分析判断方面,在大数据时代的战略必要性方面,情报部门必须同传统的密悉情报一样,将开源情报重新定义为基础情报。【1】U.S.technology and cloud-provider firm research interview.【2】U.S.technology and analytics firm research interview.【3】Paul R. Dougherty and H. James Wilson, Human + Machine: Reimagining Work in the Ageof AI (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business Review Press, 2018),【4】Joseph Gartin, “Thinking About theIC’s Talent Management Issues in an AI/ML Environment,” Elevated Debate, July8, 2020, https://elevateddebate.com/thinking-about-the-ics-talent-management-issuesin-an-ai-ml-environment/.【5】Congressional Research Service,Artificial Intelligence and National Security (Washington, D.C.: CRS); PatrickTucker, “What the CIA’s Tech Director Wants from AI,” Defense One, September 6,2017, https://www.defenseone.com/technology/2017/09/cia-technology-director-artificial-intelligence/140801/.【6】“Two neural networks are trained in tandem: one is designed to be a generative network (the forger) and the other a discriminative network (the forgerydetector). The objective is for each to train and better itself off the other,reducing the need for big labeled training data.” See National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence, Interim Report.【7】ODNI,The AIM Initiative; CRS, Artificial Intelligence and National Security; ErikLin-Greenberg, “Allies and Artificial Intelligence,” Texas National Security Review 3, no. 2 (Spring 2020): 56-76.【8】U.S.AI security software and analytics firm research interview, interview by CSIS Intelligence and Technology Task Force, July 2020.【9】同上。【10】For more analysis on competition in the “grayzone,” see the CSIS Gray Zone Project at https://www.csis.org/grayzone.【11】Gartin,“Thinking About the IC’s Talent Management Issues.”【12】U.S.technology and analytics firm research interview.