国际象棋天才们的心理特质

You don't get to be the world No. 1-ranked chess player without plotting multiple moves ahead.

如果不具备提前筹划多个后续动作的能力，是没法成为世界排名第一的国际象棋大师的。

"I have a simple rule in life, if you are to fight the champ in anything -- do it virtually," quipped Magnus Carlsen in a tweet after it was announced a 10-year-old app version of himself was going to take on former world champion boxer Manny Pacquiao in a charity chess match on October 1.

“我的人生中有一条很简单的规则，如果你想挑战任何领域的冠军——都要先在脑子里过一遍，”马格纳斯·卡尔斯在推特中妙语形容道，而推特前文还提到10月1号一个十岁的APP版的他将要挑战世界冠军选手曼尼·帕奎奥，展开一场公益国际象棋大赛。

A keen chess player, Pacquiao is also all too aware of the challenge he's facing.

而国际象棋高手帕奎奥也很清楚他所面临的挑战之严峻。

"I've fought some tough opponents in the ring, but I've never faced anyone like @magnuscarlsen in a game of chess," said Pacquiao.

帕奎奥说道，“我曾经跟圈内一些高手过过招，但还没有跟像卡尔森这样的牛人切磋过。”

Ever since he beat former world champion Anatoli Karpov to clinch the title of grandmaster at the age of 13, Norwegian Carlsen has become known for the psychological edge he has over his competitors.

自从13岁时击败前世界冠军卡尔波夫夺得特级大师头衔以来，挪威人卡尔森就以其对竞争对手的心理优势而闻名。

"I think being mentally flexible is very important during the game," Carlsen tells us.

“我认为在比赛中灵活的心态是非常重要的，”卡尔森告诉我们说。

The Norwegian, along with Anish Giri and Polish prodigy Jan-Krzysztof Duda, was reflecting on the secret to becoming a chess grandmaster.

这位挪威人与阿尼什·吉里和波兰神童扬·克日什托夫·杜达一起正思考成为国际象棋特级大师的秘诀。

"The conditions will shift during the game, something you thought was right may not turn out to be right, the situation changes from attacking [to] defending," added Carlsen.

卡尔森补充说:“比赛中情况会发生变化，你认为对的事情可能不是对的，形势可能会从进攻变成防守。”

"So being able to endure those changes without losing your focus and also kind of without losing your composure is very, very important."

“所以能够忍受这些变化而不失去你的注意力，也不要失去你的镇定是非常非常重要的。”

Giri is the No. 1-ranked Dutch chess player. Like Carlsen, he believes that having the ability to maintain concentration for long periods of time, and stay mentally agile, is the key to success in the chess arena.

吉里是荷兰排名第一的国际象棋选手。和卡尔森一样，他认为在国际象棋领域取得成功的关键在于能够长时间保持注意力集中，并保持思维敏捷。

"Concentration is very, very important during the game [...] because the thing with chess is that it's very unforgiving," Giri tells us.

“在比赛中，集中注意力非常非常重要……因为下棋完全是落子无悔的，”吉里告诉我们。

"Just a few seconds of lost concentration and one rash decision could sort of ruin the whole game.

“仅仅几秒钟的注意力不集中和一个草率的决定就可能毁了整场比赛。”

"And so it's important to just maintain the concentration throughout and for that you need, of course, mental stability."

“因此，重要的是始终保持注意力集中，为此，你当然需要精神稳定。”