Linux命令中英文对照（一） / 开普饭

并不是每个人都会选择做讲师来传授linux知识，所以呢，大概率上大家不需要掌握全部的命令，只需要熟记一张图即可：

但是学徒耗费了大量的心力已经整理好了，值得分享给大家，当然，排版也很辛苦。

Linux Commands

Accept jobs to a destination, such as a printer.

接受作业到目的地，例如打印机。

access

Check a user’s RWX permission for a file.

检查用户对文件的RWX权限。

aclocal

GNU autoconf too

GNU autoconf也是

aconnect

ALSA sequencer connection manager.

ALSA音序器连接管理器。

acpi

Show information about the Advanced Configuration and Power Interface.

显示有关高级配置和电源接口的信息

acpi_available

Check if ACPI functionality exists on the system.

检查系统上是否存在ACPI功能。

acpid

Informs user-space programs about ACPI events.

通知用户空间程序有关ACPI事件的信息

addr2line

Used to convert addresses into file names and line numbers.

用于将地址转换为文件名和行号。

addresses

Formats for internet mail addresses.

格式化互联网邮件地址

agetty

An alternative Linux Getty

另一种Linux Getty

alias

Create an alias for Linux commands

为Linux命令创建别名

alsactl

Access advanced controls for ALSA soundcard driver.

访问ALSA声卡驱动程序的高级控件。

amidi

Perform read/write operation for ALSA RawMIDI ports.

执行ALSA RawMIDI端口的读/写操作。

amixer

Access CLI-based mixer for ALSA soundcard driver.

访问基于CLI的ALSA声卡驱动程序混音器

anacron

Used to run commands periodically.

用于定期运行命令。

aplay

Sound recorder and player for CLI.

用于CLI的录音机和播放器

aplaymidi

CLI utility used to play MIDI files.

用于播放MIDI文件的CLI程序

apm

Show Advanced Power Management (APM) hardware info on older systems.

在旧系统上显示高级电源管理（APM）硬件信息

apmd

Used to handle events reported by APM BIOS drivers.

用于处理APM BIOS驱动程序报告的事件。

apropos

Shows the list of all man pages containing a specific keyword

显示包含特定关键字的所有手册页的列表

apt

Advanced Package Tool, a package management system for Debian and derivatives.

高级软件包工具，Debian和衍生产品的软件包管理系统

apt-get

Command-line utility to install/remove/update packages based on APT system.

用于基于APT系统安装/删除/更新软件包的命令行程序

aptitude

Another utility to add/remove/upgrade packages based on the APT system.

基于APT系统添加/删除/升级包的程序

A utility to create/modify/extract from archives.

用于创建/修改/从档案中提取的实用程序。

arch

Display print machine hardware name.

显示打印机硬件名称。

arecord

Just like aplay, it’s a sound recorder and player for ALSA soundcard driver.

就像aplay一样，它是ALSA声卡驱动程序的录音机和播放器

arecordmidi

Record standard MIDI files.

录制标准MIDI文件

arp

Used to make changes to the system’s ARP cache

用于更改系统的ARP缓存

A portable GNU assembler.

可移植的GNU汇编语言编译器

aspell

An interactive spell checker utility.

交互式拼写检查工具。

Used to schedule command execution at specified date & time, reading commands from an input file.

用于在指定的日期和时间安排命令执行，从输入文件中读取命令。

atd

Used to execute jobs queued by the at command.

用于执行at命令排队的作业。

atq

List a user’s pending jobs for the at command.

列出at命令的用户待处理作业。

atrm

Delete jobs queued by the at command.

删除at命令排队的作业。

audiosend

Used to send an audio recording as an email.

用于将录音作为电子邮件发送。

aumix

An audio mixer utility.

音频混音器

autoconf

Generate configuration scripts from a TEMPLATE-FILE and send the output to standard output.

从TEMPLATE-FILE生成配置脚本并发送到标准输出

autoheader

Create a template header for configure.

为configure创建模板表头

automake

Creates GNU standards-compliant Makefiles from template files

从模板文件创建符合GNU标准的Makefile

autoreconf

Update generated configuration files.

更新生成的配置文件。

autoscan

Generate a preliminary configure.in

生成初步的configure.in

autoupdate

Update a configure.in file to newer autoconf.

将configure.in文件更新为较新的autoconf。

awk

Used to find and replace text in a file(s).

用于查找和替换文件中的文本。

Linux Commands

badblocks

Search a disk partition for bad sectors.

在磁盘分区中搜索坏扇区。

banner

Used to print characters as a poster.

用于将字符打印为海报

basename

Used to display filenames with directoy or suffix.

用于目录或后缀来展示文件名

bash

GNU Bourne-Again Shell.

GNU Bourne-Again Shell

batch

Used to run commands entered on a standard input.

用于运行在标准输入上输入的命令。

Access the GNU bc calculator utility.

访问GNU bc计算器实用程序。

Send processes to the background.

将进程发送到后台。

biff

Notify about incoming mail and sender’s name on a system running comsat server.

在运行comsat服务器的系统上通知新邮件和发件人姓名。

bind

Used to attach a name to a socket.

用于将名称附加到套接字

bison

A GNU parser generator, compatible with yacc.

GNU解析器生成器，与yacc兼容。

break

Used to exit from a loop (eg: for, while, select).

用于退出循环（例如：for，while，select）。

builtin

Used to run shell builtin commands, make custom functions for commands extending their functionality.

用于运行shell内置命令，为扩展其功能的命令创建自定义函数。

bzcmp

Used to call the cmp program for bzip2 compressed files.

用于为bzip2压缩文件调用cmp程序。

bzdiff

Used to call the diff program for bzip2 compressed files.

用于调用bzip2压缩文件的diff程序。

bzgrep

Used to call grep for bzip2 compressed files.

用于为bzip2压缩文件调用grep。

bzip2

A block-sorting file compressor used to shrink given files.

使用块排序文本压缩算法和Huffman编码对给定文件进行压缩

bzless

Used to apply 'less’ (show info one page at a time) to bzip2 compressed files.

应用于bzip2压缩文件的less命令

bzmore

Used to apply 'more’ (an inferior version of less) to bzip2 compressed files.

应用于bzip2压缩文件的more命令

Linux Commands

cal

Show calendar.

显示日历。

cardctl

Used to control PCMCIA sockets and select configuration schemes.

用于控制PCMCIA套接字并选择配置方案

cardmgr

Keeps an eye on the added/removes sockets for PCMCIA devices

密切关注PCMCIA设备的添加/删除套接字

case

Execute a command conditionally by matching a pattern.

通过匹配模式有条件地执行命令。

cat

Used to concatenate files and print them on the screen.

用于连接文件并在屏幕上进行输出

GNU C and C++ compiler.

GNU C和C ++编译器

Used to change directory.

用于更改目录。

cdda2wav

Used to rip a CD-ROM and make WAV file.

用于翻录CD-ROM并制作WAV文件。

cdparanoia

Record audio from CD more reliably using data-verification algorithms.

使用数据验证算法更可靠地记录CD中的音频。

cdrdao

Used to write all the content specified to a file to a CD all at once.

用于将特定文件的所有内容一次性写入CD

cdrecord

Used to record data or audio compact discs

用于记录数据或音频光盘

cfdisk

Show or change the disk partition table.

显示或更改磁盘分区表

chage

Used to change user password information.

用于更改用户密码信息。

chattr

Used to change file attributes.

用于更改文件属性。

chdir

Used to change active working directory.

用于更改活动工作目录。

chfn

Used to change real user name and information.

用于更改真实用户名和信息。

chgrp

Used to change group ownership for file.

用于更改文件的组所有权。

chkconfig

Manage execution of runlevel services.

管理运行级别服务的执行。

chmod

Change access permission for a file(s).

更改文件的访问权限。

chown

Change the owner or group for a file.

更改文件的所有者或组。

chpasswd

Update password in a batch.

批量更新密码。

chroot

Run a command with root privileges.

使用root权限运行命令。

chrt

Alter process attributed in real-time.

改变进程的实时属性

chsh

Switch login shell.

切换登录shell

chvt

Change foreground virtual terminal.

更改前台虚拟终端。

cksum

Perform a CRC checksum for files.

对文件执行CRC校验

clear

Used to clear the terminal window.

用于清除终端窗口。

cmp

Compare two files (byte by byte).

比较两个文件（逐字节）

col

Filter reverse (and half-reverse) line feeds from the input.

用来滤除标准输入的反向换行符（RLF-Reverse Line Feed）和半反向换行符（HRLF-Halt RLF）。

colcrt

Filter nroff output for CRT previewing.

过滤nroff输出以进行CRT预览

colrm

Remove columns from the lines of a file.

对文章进行列删除操作

column

A utility that formats its input into columns.

将输入格式化为列的实用程序

comm

Used to compare two sorted files line by line.

用于逐行比较两个已排序的文件。

command

Used to execute a command with arguments ignoring shell function named command.

调用指定的指令并执行，命令执行时不查询shell函数

compress

Used to compress one or more file(s) and replacing the originals ones.

用于压缩一个或多个文件并替换原始文件

continue

Resume the next iteration of a loop.

恢复循环的下一次迭代

Copy contents of one file to another.

将一个文件的内容复制到另一个文件

cpio

Copy files from and to archives.

从归档文件复制文件或复制文件到归档文件

cpp

GNU C language processor.

GNU C语言处理器

cron

A daemon to execute scheduled commands.

执行预定命令守护进程

crond

Same work as cron.

与cron一样的功能

crontab

Manage crontab files (containing schedules commands) for users.

管理用户的crontab文件（包含schedules命令）

csplit

Split a file into sections on the basis of context lines.

根据上下文将文件拆分为多个部分

ctags

Make a list of functions and macro names defined in a programming source file.

列出编程源文件中定义的函数和宏名称

cupsd

A scheduler for CUPS.

CUPS的调度程序。

curl

Used to transfer data from or to a server using supported protocols.

使用支持的协议从与服务器之间进行数据交互

cut

Used to remove sections from each line of a file(s).

用于从文件的每一行中删除特定的部分进行标准输出

cvs

Concurrent Versions System. Used to track file versions, allow storage/retrieval of previous versions, and enables multiple users to work on the same file.

并发版本系统，可以跟踪文件版本，存储/检索以前的版本，以及多个用户处理同一文件。

Linux Commands

date

Show system date and time.

显示系统日期和时间。

Desk calculator utility

台式计算器程序

Used to convert and copy a file, create disk clone, write disk headers, etc.

用于转换和复制文件，创建磁盘克隆，写入磁盘头等。

ddrescue

Used to recover data from a crashed partition.

从崩溃的分区中恢复数据

deallocvt

Deallocates kernel memory for unused virtual consoles.

为未使用的虚拟控制台释放内核内存。

debugfs

File system debugger for ext2/ext3/ext4

ext2 / ext3 / ext4的文件系统调试器

declare

Used to declare variables and assign attributes.

用于声明变量以及对属性赋值

depmod

Generate modules.dep and map files.

生成modules.dep和映射文件

devdump

Interactively displays the contents of device or file system ISO.

以交互方式显示设备或文件系统ISO的内容

Show disk usage.

显示磁盘使用情况

diff

Used to compare files line by line.

用于逐行比较文件。

diff3

Compare three files line by line.

对三个文件逐行进行比较

dig

Domain Information Groper, a DNS lookup utility.

域信息Groper，DNS查找程序

dir

List the contents of a directory.

列出目录的内容

dircolors

Set colors for 'ls’ by altering the LS_COLORS environment variable.

通过更改LS_COLORS环境变量来设置'ls'的颜色。

dirname

Display pathname after removing the last slash and characters thereafter.

删除最后一个斜杠和其后的字符后显示路径名

dirs

Show the list of remembered directories.

显示记住的目录列表

disable

Restrict access to a printer.

限制对打印机的访问

dlpsh

Interactive Desktop Link Protocol (DLP) shell for PalmOS.

用于PalmOS的交互式桌面链接协议（DLP）shell

dmesg

Examine and control the kernel ring buffer

检查并控制内核环缓冲区

dnsdomainname

Show the DNS domain name of the system.

显示系统的DNS域名

dnssec-keygen

Generate encrypted Secure DNS keys for a given domain name.

为给定的域名生成加密的安全DNS密钥

dnssec-makekeyset

Produce domain key set from one or more DNS security keys generated by dnssec-keygen.

从dnssec-keygen生成的一个或多个DNS安全密钥生成域密钥集。

dnssec-signkey

Sign a secure DNS keyset with key signatures specified in the list of key-identifiers.

使用密钥标识符列表中特定的密钥签名对安全DNS密钥集进行签名。

dnssec-signzone

Sign a secure DNS zonefile with the signatures in the specified list of key-identifiers.

使用特定的键标识符列表中的签名对安全的DNS区域文件进行签名。

doexec

Used to run an executable with an arbitrary argv list provided.

用于运行带有任意argv列表的可执行文件

domainname

Show or set the name of current NIS (Network Information Services) domain.

显示或设置当前NIS（网络信息服务）域名

dosfsck

Check and repair MS-DOS file systems.

检查并修复MS-DOS文件系统

Show disk usage summary for a file(s).

显示文件的磁盘使用情况摘要

dump

Backup utility for ext2/ext3 file systems.

用于对ext2 / ext3文件系统进行备份

dumpe2fs

Dump ext2/ext3/ext4 file systems.

转储ext2 / ext3 / ext4文件系统

dumpkeys

Show information about the keyboard driver’s current translation tables.

显示有关键盘驱动程序当前转换表的信息

Linux Commands

e2fsck

Used to check ext2/ext3/ext4 file systems.

检查ext2 / ext3 / ext4文件系统

e2image

Store important ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem metadata to a file.

将重要的ext2 / ext3 / ext4文件系统元数据存储到文件中

e2label

Show or change the label on an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem.

显示或更改ext2 / ext3 / ext4文件系统的名称

echo

Send input string(s) to standard output i.e. display text on the screen.

将输入字符串发送到标准输出，即在屏幕上显示文本。

GNU Ed – a line-oriented text editor.

面向行的文本编辑器

edquota

Used to edit filesystem quotas using a text editor, such as vi.

使用文本编辑器（如vi）编辑文件系统配额

egrep

Search and display text matching a pattern.

搜索并显示与模式匹配的文本。

eject

Eject removable media.

弹出可移动媒体。

elvtune

Used to set latency in the elevator algorithm used to schedule I/O activities for specified block devices.

设置用于为指定块设备调度I / O活动的电梯算法中的延迟

emacs

Emacs text editor command line utility.

Emacs文本编辑器命令行程序

enable

Used to enable/disable shell builtin commands.

用于启用/禁用shell内置命令。

env

Run a command in a modified environment. Show/set/delete environment variables.

在已修改的环境中运行命令。显示/设置/删除环境变量。

envsubst

Substitute environment variable values in shell format strings.

在shell格式字符串中替换环境变量值

esd

Start the Enlightenment Sound Daemon (EsounD or esd). Enables multiple applications to access the same audio device simultaneously.

启动Enlightenment Sound Daemon（EsounD或esd）。允许多个应用程序同时访问同一音频设备。

esd-config

Manage EsounD configuration.

管理EsounD配置。

esdcat

Use EsounD to send audio data from a specified file.

使用EsounD从指定文件发送音频数据。

esdctl

EsounD control program.

EsounD控制程序。

esddsp

Used to reroute non-esd audio data to esd and control all the audio using esd.

用于将非esd音频数据重新路由到esd并使用esd控制所有音频。

esdmon

Used to copy the sound being sent to a device. Also, send it to a secondary device.

复制发送到设备的声音并将其发送到辅助设备

esdplay

Use EsounD system to play a file.

使用EsounD系统播放文件。

esdrec

Use EsounD to record audio to a specified file.

使用EsounD将音频录制到指定的文件。

esdsample

Sample audio using esd.

使用esd对音频进行采样

etags

Used to create a list of functions and macros from a programming source file. These etags are used by emacs. For vi, use ctags.

从编程源文件创建函数和宏的列表，这些etags由emacs使用，对于vi，请使用ctags。

ethtool

Used to query and control network driver and hardware settings.

查询和控制网络驱动程序和硬件设置。

eval

Used to evaluate multiple commands or arguments are once.

可读取一连串的参数，然后再依参数本身的特性来执行

Interactive command

交互式命令

exec

An interactive line-based text editor.

基于行的交互式文本编辑器。

exit

Exit from the terminal.

从终端退出。

expand

Convert tabs into spaces in a given file and show the output.

在给定文件中将tab转换为空格并展示输出

expect

An extension to the Tcl script, it’s used to automate interaction with other applications based on their expected output.

它是Tcl脚本的扩展，用于根据预期输出自动与其他应用程序进行交互。

export

Used to set an environment variable.

用于设置环境变量。

expr

Evaluate expressions and display them on standard output.

评估表达式并在标准输出上显示它们。

Linux Commands

factor

Display prime factors of specified integer numbers.

显示指定整数的素数因子

FALSE

Do nothing, unsuccessfully. Exit with a status code indicating failure.

什么都不做

fc-cache

Make font information cache after scanning the directories.

扫描目录后进行字体信息缓存。

fc-list

Show the list of available fonts.

显示可用字体列表。

fdformat

Do a low-level format on a floppy disk.

在软盘上执行低阶格式化

fdisk

Make changes to the disk partition table.

更改磁盘分区表。

fetchmail

Fetch mail from mail servers and forward it to the local mail delivery system.

从邮件服务器获取邮件并将其转发到本地邮件传递系统。

Used to send a job to the foreground.

将作业发送到前台

fgconsole

Display the number of the current virtual console.

显示当前虚拟控制台的编码

fgrep

Display lines from a file(s) that match a specified string. A variant of grep.

显示与指定字符串匹配的文件中的行，grep的变种

file

Determine file type for a file.

确定文件类型

find

Do a file search in a directory hierarchy.

在目录层次结构中进行文件搜索

finger

Display user data including the information listed in .plan and *.project *in each user’s home directory.

显示用户数据，包括每个用户主目录中.plan和* .project *中列出的信息。

fingerd

Provides a network interface for the finger program.

为finger程序提供网络接口

flex

Generate programs that perform pattern-matching on text.

生成在文本上执行模式匹配的程序

fmt

Used to convert text to a specified width by filling lines and removing new lines, displaying the output.

用于编排文本文件

fold

Wrap input line to fit in a specified width.

控制文件内容输出时所占用的屏幕宽度

for

Expand words and run commands for each one in the resultant list.

针对结果列表中的每一个元素循环运行命令

formail

Used to filter standard input into mailbox format.

用于将标准输入过滤为邮箱格式。

format

Used to format disks.

格式化磁盘。

free

Show free and used system memory.

显示可用的和占用的系统内存。

fsck

Check and repair a Linux file system

检查并修复Linux文件系统

ftp

File transfer protocol user interface.

文件传输协议用户界面

ftpd

FTP server process.

FTP服务器进程

function

Used to define function macros.

用于定义函数宏

fuser

Find and kill a process accessing a file.

查找并终止访问文件的进程

Linux Commands

g++

Run the g++ compiler.

运行g ++编译器

gawk

Used for pattern scanning and language processing. A GNU implementation of AWK language.

用于模式扫描和语言处理。AWK语言的GNU实现

gcc

A C and C++ compiler by GNU.

GNU的AC和C ++编译器

gdb

A utility to debug programs and know about where it crashes.

用于调试程序并了解其崩溃位置的实用程序。

getent

Shows entries from Name Service Switch Libraries for specified keys.

察看系统的数据库中的相关记录

getkeycodes

Displays the kernel scancode-to-keycode mapping table.

显示内核scancode-to-keycode映射表

getopts

A utility to parse positional parameters.

用于解析位置参数的实用程序。

gpasswd

Allows an administrator to change group passwords.

允许管理员更改组密码。

gpg

Enables encryption and signing services as per the OpenPGP standard.

根据OpenPGP标准启用加密和签名服务

gpgsplit

Used to split an OpenPGP message into packets.

将OpenPGP消息拆分为数据包

gpgv

Used to verify OpenPGP signatures.

用于验证OpenPGP签名。

gpm

It enables cut and paste functionality and a mouse server for the Linux console.

它支持剪切和粘贴功能以及Linux控制台的鼠标服务器

gprof

Shows call graph profile data.

统计程序在用户态的执行信息

grep

Searches input files for a given pattern and displays the relevant lines.

在输入文件中进行特定模式的搜索并显示相关匹配的行

groff

Serves as the front-end of the groff document formatting system.

groff 文档排版系统的前端

groffer

Displays groff files and man pages.

显示groff文件和帮助文档

groupadd

Used to add a new user group.

用于添加新用户组。

groupdel

Used to remove a user group.

用于删除用户组。

groupmod

Used to modify a group definition.

用于修改组定义。

groups

Show the group(s) to which a user belongs.

显示用户所属的组。

grpck

Verifies the integrity of group files.

验证组文件的完整性。

grpconv

Creates a gshadow file from a group or an already existing gshadow.

从组或已存在的gshadow创建gshadow文件

Invokes Ghostscript, and interpreter and previewer for Adobe’s PostScript and PDF languages.

为Adobe的PostScript和PDF语言调用Ghostscript，解释器和预览器

gunzip

A utility to compress/expand files.

对文件进行压缩或解压

gzexe

Used to compress executable files in place and have them automatically uncompress and run at a later stage.

压缩可执行文件并让它们自动解压缩并在以后运行

gzip

Same as gzip.

对文件进行压缩或解压

Linux Commands

halt

Command used to halt the machine.

用于关机的命令

hash

Shows the path for the commands executed in the shell.

显示shell中执行的命令的路径

hdparm

Show/configure parameters for SATA/IDE devices.

显示/配置SATA / IDE设备的参数。

head

Shows first 10 lines from each specified file.

显示每个指定文件的前10行。

help

Display’s help for a built-in command.

显示内置命令的帮助信息

hexdump

Shows specified file output in hexadecimal, octal, decimal, or ASCII format.

以十六进制，八进制，十进制或ASCII格式显示指定的文件输出。

history

Shows the command history.

显示命令历史记录

host

A utility to perform DNS lookups.

执行DNS查找的程序

hostid

Shows host’s numeric ID in hexadecimal format.

以十六进制格式显示主机的数字ID

hostname

Display/set the hostname of the system.

显示/设置系统的主机名

htdigest

Manage the user authentication file used by the Apache web server.

管理Apache Web服务器使用的用户身份验证文件

htop

An interactive process viewer for the command line.

用于交互式查看命令进程

hwclock

Show or configure the system’s hardware clock.

显示或配置系统的硬件时钟

Linux Commands

iconv

Convert text file from one encoding to another.

改变文本文件的编码格式

Show user and group information for a specified user.

显示指定用户的用户和组信息

Execute a command conditionally.

有条件地执行命令

ifconfig

Used to configure network interfaces.

获取网络接口配置信息并对此进行修改

ifdown

Stops a network interface.

停止网络接口

ifup

Starts a network interface.

启动网络接口

imapd

An IMAP (Interactive Mail Access Protocol) server daemon.

IMAP（交互式邮件访问协议）服务器守护程序

import

Capture an X server screen and saves it as an image.

对X服务器截屏并将其另存为图像

inetd

Extended internet services daemon, it starts the programs that provide internet services.

扩展的互联网服务守护进程，它启动提供互联网服务的程序

info

Used to read the documentation in Info format.

用于以Info格式阅读文档

init

Systemd system and service manager.

linux的系统和服务管理器

insmod

A program that inserts a module into the Linux kernel.

在Linux内核中插入模块的程序

install

Used to copy files to specified locations and set attributions during the install process.

用于将文件复制到指定位置并在安装过程中设置属性。

iostat

Shows statistics for CPU, I/O devices, partitions, network filesystems.

显示CPU，I / O设备，分区，网络文件系统的统计信息

Display/manipulate routing, devices, policy routing and tunnels.

显示/操作路由，设备，策略路由和隧道

ipcrm

Used to remove System V interprocess communication (IPC) objects and associated data structures.

用于删除System V进程间通信（IPC）对象和关联的数据结构

ipcs

Show information on IPC facilities for which calling process has read access.

报告Linux中进程间通信设施的状态

iptables

Administration tool for IPv4 packet filtering and NAT.

用于IPv4数据包过滤和NAT的管理工具

iptables-restore

Used to restore IP tables from data specified in the input or a file.

用于从输入或文件中指定的数据还原IP表

iptables-save

Used to dump IP table contents to standard output.

用于将IP表内容转储到标准输出

isodump

A utility that shows the content iso9660 images to verify the integrity of directory contents.

显示内容iso9660映像以验证目录内容完整性的实用程序

isoinfo

A utility to perform directory like listings of iso9660 images.

以目录的形式列出iso9660 镜像文件的内容

isosize

Show the length of an iso9660 filesystem contained in a specified file.

显示指定文件中包含的iso9660文件系统大小

isovfy

Verifies the integrity of an iso9660 image.

验证iso9660映像的完整性

ispell

A CLI-based spell-check utility.

基于CLI的拼写检查实用程序

Linux Commands

jobs

Show the list of active jobs and their status.

显示活动作业列表及其状态

join

For each pair of input lines, join them using a command field and display on standard output.

对于每对输入行内容，使用命令字段连接它们并在标准输出上显示

Linux Commands

kbd_mode

Set a keyboard mode. Without arguments, shows the current keyboard mode.

设置键盘模式。没有参数时，显示当前的键盘模式。

kbdrate

Reset keyboard repeat rate and delay time.

重置键盘重复率和延迟时间

kill

Send a kill (termination) signal to one more processes.

终止进程

killall

Kills a process(es) running a specified command.

杀死运行指定命令的进程

killall5

A SystemV killall command. Kills all the processes excluding the ones which it depends on.

终止除了内核线程和它自己的会话中的进程外的所有进程

klogd

Control and prioritize the kernel messages to be displayed on the console, and log them through syslogd.

控制并优先显示需要在控制台上显示的内核消息，并通过syslogd进行记录。

kudzu

Used to detect new and enhanced hardware by comparing it with existing database. Only for RHEL and derivates.

通过将其与现有数据库进行比较来检测新硬件和增强硬件。仅适用于RHEL及其衍生。

Linux Commands

last

Shows a list of recent logins on the system by fetching data from /var/log/wtmp file.

通过从/ var / log / wtmp文件中获取数据，显示系统上最近登录的列表。

lastb

Shows the list of bad login attempts by fetching data from */var/log/btmp *file.

通过从* / var / log / btmp *文件中获取数据来显示错误登录尝试的列表。

lastlog

Displays information about the most recent login of all users or a specified user.

显示所有用户或指定用户的最新登录信息

The Unix linker, it combines archives and object files. It then puts them into one output file, resolving external references.

组合对象文件、归档文件并导入文件到一个输出对象文件，同时解析外部引用

ldconfig

Configure dynamic linker run-time bindings

配置动态链接运行时绑定

ldd

Shows shared object dependencies.

显示共享对象依赖项

less

Displays contents of a file one page at a time. It’s advanced than morecommand.

一次显示一页文件的内容，比more命令好用些

lesskey

Used to specify key bindings for less command.

用于为less命令指定键绑定

let

Used to perform integer artithmetic on shell variables.

用于对shell变量执行整数运算

lftp

An FTP utility with extra features.

具有额外功能的FTP实用程序

lftpget

Uses lftop to retrieve HTTP, FTP, and other protocol URLs supported by lftp.

使用lftop检索lftp支持的HTTP，FTP和其他协议URL

link

Create links between two files. Similar to ln command.

在两个文件之间创建链接。与ln命令类似。

Create links between files. Links can be hard (two names for the same file) or soft (a shortcut of the first file).

在文件之间创建链接。链接可以是硬（同一文件的两个名称）或软（第一个文件的快捷方式）。

loadkeys

Load keyboard translation tables.

加载键盘转换表。

local

Used to create function variables.

用于创建函数变量。

locale

Shows information about current or all locales.

显示有关当前或所有语言环境的信息。

locate

Used to find files by their name.

用于按名称查找文件。

lockfile

Create semaphore file(s) which can be used to limit access to a file.

创建可用于限制对文件的访问的信号量文件

logger

Make entries in the system log.

在系统日志中进行记录

Create a new session on the system.

在系统上创建一个新会话。

logname

Shows the login name of the current user.

显示当前用户的登录名。

logout

Performs the logout operation by making changes to the utmp and wtmp files.

通过更改utmp和wtmp文件来执行注销操作

logrotate

Used for automatic rotation, compression, removal, and mailing of system log files.

用于自动轮换，压缩，删除和邮件的系统日志文件

look

Shows any lines in a file containing a given string in the beginning.

在开头显示包含给定字符串的文件中的所有行。

losetup

Set up and control loop devices.

设置和控制循环设备。

lpadmin

Used to configure printer and class queues provided by CUPS (Common UNIX Printing System).

用于配置CUPS（通用UNIX打印系统）提供的打印机和类队列

lpc

Line printer control program, it provides limited control over CUPS printer and class queues.

行式打印机控制程序，它对CUPS打印机和类队列提供有限的控制。

lpinfo

Shows the list of avaiable devices and drivers known to the CUPS server.

显示CUPS服务器已知的可用设备和驱动程序列表

lpmove

Move on or more printing jobs to a new destination.

将打印作业或更多打印作业移至新目标

lpq

Shows current print queue status for a specified printer.

显示特定打印机的当前打印队列状态

lpr

Used to submit files for printing.

用于提交要打印的文件。

lprint

Used to print a file.

用于打印文件。

lprintd

Used to abort a print job.

用于中止打印作业。

lprintq

List the print queue.

列出打印队列。

lprm

Cancel print jobs.

取消打印作业。

lpstat

Displays status information about current classes, jobs, and printers.

显示当前类，作业和打印机的状态信息。

Shows the list of files in the current directory.

显示当前目录中的文件列表。

lsattr

Shows file attributes on a Linux ext2 file system.

在Linux ext2文件系统上显示文件属性。

lsblk

Lists information about all available or the specified block devices.

列出所有可用或指定区块设备的信息。

lsmod

Show the status of modules in the Linux kernel.

显示Linux内核中模块的状态。

lsof

List open files.

列出打开的文件。

lspci

List all PCI devices.

列出所有PCI设备。

lsusb

List USB devices.

Linux命令中英文对照（一）

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