形容词-原、比较、最高级和正、反形容词
规则变化1.单音节词和少数多音节词,一般直接加-er,est long longer longest ， all taller tallest2.以不发音的e结尾单的音节和少数一 le结尾的双音节词，加-r,-st late later latest ， large larger largest3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的双音节词，把y 变成i，再加-er,-est .easy easier easiest ， happy happier happiest4.以重度闭音节（辅＋元＋辅）结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母单音节词时，双写最后辅音字母，再加-er,-estbig bigger biggest ， hot hotter hottest5.其它多音节词和部分双音节词，在原级前加more ,最高级前most非常、加the most最careful 、more carefu、 most careful； beautiful、more beautiful、most beautiful注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用.例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.（2）形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常".It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.不规则变化原级 比较级最高级不规则变化2合1good / wellbetter bestmany /much moremostbad /badlyworse worst1分为2farfartherfarthest指距离时通用furtherfurthest也可指更远，但多指时间、程度、数量的表示更进一步oldolderoldest作定语、表语，可以修饰人或物，年龄大小的比较，年长的、较旧的eldereldest作定语、 只能修饰人， 兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。年纪较大的、资格老爹、老练的latelaterlatest最新的latterlast最近的，最新的，最后的littlelittler / less(er)littlest /least***多音节和部分双音节的比较级、最高级前可用more most，也可用意思相反的less、least表示"较不"和"最不" important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important最不重要tired 累的 more tired 更累的 most tired 最累的...形容词原级比较1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时The flowers in the garden are beautiful. The girl is lovely.2.有表示绝对概念的副词very,so ,too, enough,quite 等修饰时The classroom is very large. The boy is too young.两人或物程度或性质相同或不同 1.肯定结构: A+ be+as+ 形容词原级+as+ B, A与B一样 This box is as big as that one. 这个盒子和那个盒子一样大 This book is as thick as that one2.否定结构: A+ be+not so/as+ 形容词原级+as+ B, A与B不一样This box is not as big as that one 这个盒子没有那个大 Tom is not so tall as Tim3.倍数 : A+ be+倍数 +as+ 形容词原级+as+ B，A是B倍数 This box is three times as big as that one 盒子是那个的3倍【1倍once】 The table is twice as tall as the chair一半 ：A+ half as+ 形容词原级+as+ B，A是B的一半Her room is half as big as yours. The red pencil is half as long as the blue pencil.比较级用法1．表示两者进行比较时，A …+比较级+than +B. A 比 BLily’s room is bigger than mine. My classroom is smaller than hers.2．表程度副词a little, a bit, a great deal, a lot ,much, even ,still, far,rather,any等修饰形容词时It’s much colder today than yesterday. This bottle is a little bigger than that one.为避免重复，从句常用the one ,that , those等词代替前面出现过词，the one代替可数名词单数形式，The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Guangzhou in winter.the ones 和those 代替可数名词的复数形式，that 代替不可数名词。3． 两者之间选择，哪一个更… 时,用句型“ WhIch / who is + 形容词比较级，A or B?”Who is the taller, Liming or Wangtao? Which one is the longer, the pen or the pencil?4. 两者之间比较， “...的一个”时，（of the two）,常用 “the+ 比较级”结构.Mary is the taller of the two. Being is the bigger of the two.5．“几倍于….. ” 用“倍数+比较级+than ”表示Your room is three times bigger than mine. The school is four times larger than the hall.6. “越来越… ”，用比较级的重叠结构，“比较级+and + 比较级”，当形容词为多音节或部分双音节词时，It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring. It’s colder and colder in winter.用“more and more + 形容词原级”。7. 表示“越….，就越….”时，用“the +比较级，the +比较级”结构The more , the better. The more you eat , the fatter you will be.最高级用法1. 三或三者以上人或物的比较，最高级前必加定冠词the ,句末常跟一个in/ of 短语来表示范围Shanghai is the biggest city in China. Tim is the tallest student in my classroom.2. 三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时，用 Which/Who is the +最高级，A，B or C?Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing , Shanghai or Fuzhou? Who is the best student, Lily , Lucy or Betty?3. 最… 的…之一时，用 one of the +形容词最高级 结构，该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers. Gongli is one of the most beautiful actresses in China.4. 形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示第几最…..The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.5. 形容词最高级前可以有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，此时不能再用定冠词。This is our best lesson today. Friday is my busiest day in a week.6. 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。Li Lei is the tallest student in his class(李雷是他班上最高的同学)...
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