【11/25 今日美史】疏散日：英军撤离纽约市

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11/25

Evacuation Day

When

Where

Who

What

When: 1783

Where: New York City

Who：

British military forces

What：

Seven years after his retreat from Manhattan, General Washington entered New York City after the last of the British garrison departed in compliance with the Treaty of Paris ending the American Revolution.  A British vessel departing fired the last shot of the war with a cannon blast at jeering Americans on the shore of Staten Island.  The shot fell short doing no harm.  The Union Jack, the British flag was also left flying in Battery Park, nailed in position at the top of the pole which was heavily greased in one more last act of defiance by the departing British.  After several attempts a veteran named John Arsdale successfully climbed the pole and removed the British flag so it could be replaced by the Stars and Stripes.

疏散日

Why

significant

Since even before Washington’s evacuation in the early days of the war, New York City was a hotbed of Loyalist activity and the retaking of it was never far from Washington’s mind during the war.  With the evacuation of the British and the Treaty ending the war, this was one last act Washington wished to have before retiring as commander of the Continental Army.  Another important moment was the liberation of American POWs kept in deplorable conditions on prison ships in Wallabout Bay.

Tags

Treaty of Paris, 1783, Battery Park, Prison Ships Monument