Five大楼，布拉格 / QARTA ARCHITEKTURA / 开普饭

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“历史遇见未来”可以恰当地被用作Five大楼的座右铭。该项目位于布拉格第5区的Smíchov区，其所在的场地上曾是一座有轨电车停车场，但建筑的状况却一直不佳。尽管扮演着城市交通系统中的重要端点，复杂的交通路径从一开始便成为了这座建筑的劣势。多年以后，在如今的改造工程启动时，这座建筑还保持着其关闭时的模样：此前，它因为难以适应新的用途而处于某种永久性的“临时”状态。

“History meets future,” declares the fitting motto chosen for the project Five, located in Prague 5 – Smíchov. A tram depot building occupied the project site, but that could have been called a relic even when it was built. While forming an important endpoint in the city transport system, complicated access had been its disadvantage right from the beginning. The depot building still looked almost exactly like when it was closed, years later when current renovations began. Previously it had proved too difficult to adapt for a new use, so it remained in a sort of permanent provisional state.

▼大楼外观，exterior view ©BoysPlayNice

建筑原先的功能很难再保留下来。城市的有轨电车网络已经失去了必要的连接，因此场地与原先的交通网络之间也不再有任何物理上的联系。这里缺少的是一种都市化层面上的自然而平滑的过渡——从充分工业化的街区开始，到以住宅为主的街区结束。即使是在停车场正在建设的过程中，住宅开发仍在迅速进行，并逐渐占领了新的街道。

在当时，整个地区都在发生改变。最初这里是一个由两条交通动脉——Smíchov港口所在的伏尔塔瓦河以及Smíchov火车站所在的铁道线路——所定义的边缘工业地带，并不断成长为一个非常成熟的城市区域。到处都发生着与开发和产业转型相关的变化，除了Smíchov酿酒厂附近的区域——它们受到了人为的限制。多年以来，即使在酒厂本身已经出现生产困难时，当现代技术对于空间的需求已经超过（不存在的）发展和扩张潜力，其周围的建筑和地块（包括停车场建筑）仍然被圈定和限制在酒厂的地界。

▼场地位置示意，situation ©QARTA ARCHITEKTURA

It became impossible to keep the original curious technical program. The necessary connection to the city’s tram network was lost and the place no longer had any physical contact with it. What was missing here was a naturally smooth gradient in the urbanisation level, starting with the fully industrialized and ending with the predominantly residential city blocks. Residential development was picking up and lining the new streets even as the tram depot was being built.

At that time, the whole area was transforming. From an industrial periphery, delimited by the two transport arteries of the day: the Vltava river with it’s Smíchov Port and the railway with the Smíchov train station, it grew into a fully fledged city district. Related changes in the use and type of development happened everywhere except in the immediate vicinity of the Smíchov brewery, where they were restricted artificially. Several neighboring properties, including the tram depot, found themselves in the brewery’s orbit throughout the years, even as the brewery itself started having production difficulties, when the spatial requirements of contemporary technology exceeded the (nonexistent) potential for growth or extensions.

▼新建筑立面，the new facade of the building ©BoysPlayNice

为了找到停车场建筑的新用途，整个地区的改造都需要按照时间线进行。第一步是要考量场地与整个河岸区在空间和垂直方向上的差异，并制定新的限制，例如开发边界或建筑高度。第二步是确定最能够促进地区振兴的新用途和建筑类型以及它们的空间分布。最后一步是对既有结构和建筑元素的真实性进行严格审查。建筑的最终目标是成为城市有机体中的一个“活的部分”，因此对于历史建筑元素的保留和修复都需要带来额外的益处。

▼“历史遇见未来”，“History meets future” ©BoysPlayNice

This timeline of the transformation of the whole area had to be followed in order to find a new use for the tram depot building. The first step was to consider the unequal spatial and vertical characteristics, in comparison to the whole waterfront tract, and to specify new limits, such as development boundary or building height. The next step determined new uses and typologies best suited for the re-activation of the area, and their spatial distribution. Finally, the authenticity of existing structural and architectural elements was put under scrutiny. The ultimate goal for the building was to become a living part of the organism of the city, so keeping and restoring historical architectural elements had to bring added benefits.

▼立面细节，facade detailed view ©BoysPlayNice

设计过程遵循了相同的逻辑。新建筑的体块与场地边界直接关联：建筑的边界线在与旧街区交汇处得到了明确的强调，而在临街或转角处则以后退的方式显得更加柔和。顶层的后退降低了建筑的体感高度，以便在更大的尺度内找到一种平衡和新的动态感。功能空间主要分为两个部分，均与场地特征及环境要求相符。此外，考虑到Svornosti街区繁忙的交通状况，首层的商场空间也与办公空间一同被纳入到了规划当中。

The design process followed the same logic. The new building mass relates directly to the site boundary. The boundary line is confirmed and underlined when the building reaches the line of the old block, or it’s softened when the building steps back, easing off street fronts or corners. A top-floor setback reduces the perceived height, finding a balance and a new dynamic in the wider context. The program has two parts that both fit the locality and the demanding environment. Ground-floor shopping was finally introduced to the area, together with offices, which were unavoidable due to the heavy traffic on Svornosti street.

▼新建筑与场地周围其他建筑，the new building responds to the built environment of the site ©BoysPlayNice

既有的建筑结构并未被完全替换，其具有建筑价值的部分被纳入并应用到新的建筑当中。停车场建筑的两个临街立面均得到了完整的保留并向行人开放。这一做法不但为旧建筑赋予了新的用途，还使其在新建筑的有机体中发挥出关键性的作用。独特的工业设计以双层穿孔金属板立面、装饰用混凝土和天花板上裸露的管道为特征，将本地的建筑特色与被保留的历史元素同时展现出来。

▼双层穿孔金属板立面外观，the double-skin façade of perforated metal ©BoysPlayNice

▼立面结构细节，facade structural detail ©BoysPlayNice

The original structure was not entirely replaced. Its architecturally valuable parts were incorporated and implemented in the new building. Both street fronts of the depot were kept in their entirety and opened up to pedestrians. This way the relics don’t obstruct the new use, instead they play a key role in the organism of the new building. The unique industrial design, featuring a double-skin façade of perforated metal, architectural concrete, or exposed conduits visible on the ceilings, embodies both the local genius loci and all the preserved historical elements.

▼首层大厅，lobby ©BoysPlayNice

▼座位区，seating area ©BoysPlayNice

修复后的历史立面与Karlín区和共和广场上的当代建筑的新用途进行了结合，在这一过程中也使用了与上述相同的做法，并取得了理想的效果，受到了公众的喜爱。这充分说明了，当所有的互通环节和整体环境均得到充分的考量时，场所将被赋予全新的品质。新的、在建筑上具有合理性的设计能够延续其所在地区的传统。强烈的一体化概念能够帮助一个场所找回其失去的尊严感，并确立其在城市居住环境中的正当地位。新建筑的设计和规划确保了该地区的振兴，同时为Smíchov区的居民带来了新的机遇。

▼傍晚，从街道望向大楼，view from the street by night ©BoysPlayNice

Similar approach was taken when incorporating restored historical frontages with the new use of contemporary buildings in Karlín and on the Republic Square, with good results, and fully embraced by the public. That amply shows that a new quality can return to a place when all connecting links and the whole context is taken into account. New, architecturally sound design can continue the local tradition. The strong unifying concept helps to redeem a place that lost its self-esteem, and confirms its rightful place in the city’s urbanism. The new building design and program ensure a revitalisation of the area and bring residents of Smíchov major new opportunities.

▼外立面细节和电梯厅，facade detail & elevator hall ©BoysPlayNice

除了高质量的设计，大楼的使用者还将享受顶层露台带来的全景视野：从这里可以看见布拉格城堡、国家大剧院和高堡等布拉格最重要的历史古迹。露台上设有各种类型的座位和休闲区，非常适合那些喜欢拿着笔记本在空气新鲜的环境中办公的人们。

建筑的使用空间在施工结束前就已全部租出，其中80%为全球领先的生物制药公司MSD所用，并成立了其公司的IT全球创新中心。其余的重要客户还包括开发和建设公司EBM Group、设计师工作室U1以及制药公司Roche Diagnostics。此外，建筑首层还开设了Sodexo旗下的新餐厅Dave B – Taste Five，与大楼的工业特色相得益彰，为客人带来优质的美食体验。

Besides design quality, the occupants also appreciate the top floor terrace offering panoramic views to the most significant Prague monuments including the Prague Castle, the National Theater and Vyšehrad. There are plenty of seating options and relax zones for those who want to bring their laptop and work in the fresh air.

The building was fully leased even before construction finished. 80 % was leased to MSD, a leading global biopharmaceutical company, who set up its IT Global Innovation Hub here. Our long term customer, MSD also leases another of our buildings, Riverview, located across the street from Five. Other key leaseholders include EBM Group, a development and construction company, U1, a designer studio, and Roche Diagnostics, a pharmaceuticals company. Finally, Sodexo opened their new restaurant Dave B – Taste Five on the ground floor, tuning in with the industrial character of the building and offering a premium gourmet experience.

Studio: QARTA ARCHITEKTURA
Author: David Wittassek, architect
Jiří Řezák, architect
Pavel Fanta, architect
Contact E-mail: qarta@qarta.cz
Website: www.qarta.cz
Studio address: Pernerova 635, 180 00 Prague 8 – Karlín, Czech Republic
Project location: Na Valentince 3336/4, 150 00 Prague 5 – Smíchov
Project country: Czech Republic
Project year: 2011
Completion year: 2017
Usable Floor Area: office space 13.270 m2；retail 1.092 m2
Client: SKANSKA
Client’s website: www.skanska.cz
Photographer: BoysPlayNice, info@boysplaynice.com, www.boysplaynice.com
Collaborator:
General contractor: SKANSKA, www.skanska.cz
Historic structure report: Alena Krušinová

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Five大楼，布拉格 / QARTA ARCHITEKTURA

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