许多英文用法

省略句(elliptical sentences)   定义:省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析,句子应该具备的成分,有时出于修辞上的需要,为了避免重复、突出新信息使上下文紧密连接的修辞手段。   省略的部分:单词、短语、分句,都可以省略,而且各有一定的衔接关系,不容臆断   一、哪些部分可以省略   (一)省略单词 1、省略介词   He spent four hours (in) going over his lessons. 他花了四个小时复习功课。 I ' ve studied Eng1ish (for) five years. 我已学五年英语了。 2、省略连词   I believe (that) you will succeed . 我相信你们会成功的。 It ' s a pity (that) he ' s leaving. 他要走,真遗憾。 I ' m sure (that) she will help you. 我肯定她会帮你的。 3、省略关系代词   I ' ll give you all (that) I have. 我要把我所有的一切都给你。 He read the book (which) I got yesterday. 他看过我昨天买的书了。 二、省略句子成分   1、省略主语   Beg your pardon. (我)请你原谅。( Beg 前省略了主语 I ) Take care! 当心!( Take 前省略了主语 you ) Looks as if it will rain. 看起来象要下雨。( Looks 前省略了主语 it ) 2、省略谓语   Who next? 该谁了?( Who 后面省略了谓语 comes )   The river was deep and the ice thin. ( ice 后面省略了 was ) We ' ll do the best we can. 我们将尽力而为。( can 后面省略了动词 do )   3、省略表语   Are you ready? Yes, I am. 你准备好了吗? 我准备好了。( am 后面省略了 ready ) He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth. 他还是象年轻时那样,是一位运动爱好者。( had been 后面省略了 a lover of sports ) 4、省略宾语   Let ' s do the dishes. I ' ll wash and you ' ll dry. 让我们洗碗吧,我来洗,你来揩干。( wash 和 dry 后面省略了宾语 dishes )   5、省略定语   He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved. 那钱他花了部分,其余的他都存了起来。( the rest 后面省略了定语 of the money )   6、省略状语   He was not hurt. Strange! 他没有受伤,真奇怪!( Strange 前面省略了状语 how )   二、什么句式中可以省略   1. 简单句中的省略: 在对话中,交谈双方都知道谈论的对象,则可以省略句子的主语,省略主语和谓语的现象在交际......

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