利比里亚：PSC防滞留宝典
PSC检查技巧
1、PSCO的第一印象非常重要，船长和船员应展现专业素质( It is essential that the conduct of the Master and crew be professional. A Port State Control Officer's (PSCO) good first impression of an orderly ship decreases the risk of an expanded inspection: )。
2、各种记录应记录规范并随时准备应对检查(The Master’s office shall be presentable and the records organized and available, and)
3、着装规范，机舱和生活区等区域保持整洁（Standards of dress shall be high. The vessel’s topside and engine room shall be clean and orderly.）
4、PSCO登轮，按照ISPS的要求，应要求其出示证件并进行登记，陪同引导至船长办公室（ Meet PSCO(s) at embarkation and asked for identification (ISPS CODE) and escorted to the Master’s office. ）
5、即使公司管理文件不要求召开会议，也应召集主要船员到场，以示重视，除非有特别的工作要做或值班，船长应做好向PSCO解释工作。（Require an opening meeting--even if not offered. Ensure a suitable business like atmosphere. All key staff should be present unless duty requires otherwise, in which case this should be explained.）
6、如果现场检查，除PSCO意外还有别的部门在检查，船长应指派主要人员陪同和迎接检查，保持礼貌和尊敬。（ Properly introduce key officers/personnel who will assist in key elements of the inspection and request same courtesy from the lead PSC officer, if more than one in PSC party.）
7、如检查程序不了解，可以向PSCO询问（The inspection procedure contemplated by the PSCO should be explained. If not, ask for an explanation.）
8、 如船方有设备正在维修，或持有船旗国对签发的声明，应向PSCO告知，包括预计修理完好的时间。（ Inform the PSCO of any problems with required equipment, including repairs and corrective action that is ongoing and/or dispensations that have been issued by the flag Administration, to allow time needed to affect repairs.）
9、陪同检查的船员应表现出专业素养，及时记录发现的缺陷（Escorting ship’s officers should act professional and knowledgeable of ships equipment and keep notes on deficiencies）
10、对于陪同检查中发现的缺陷，应尽快纠正，以防被记录到报告或以此开展详细检查（Request notification of irregularities as soon as possible in order to affect corrections “on the spot”）
11、绝对不要对检查中的问题，误导或欺骗PSCO(Never intentionally misrepresent a condition to the PSCO.)
12、密切关注PSCO的表现：倾听A级PSCO对检查结果的表述，查看PSCO的检查记录，不明白之处可以要求解释、澄清。确认是否被滞留。（Insist on a closing meeting -even if one is not offered:-Listen to what the senior boarding officer says about the boarding results-Compare it with what he writes--ask for clarification/corrections if necessary-Ensure by direct question -“We see nothing here suggesting a detention”.）
13、如果船舶被滞留，按照公司的程序，立即通知管理公司。船旗国也应及时通知（If the vessel is detained, notify the company immediately in accordance with company procedures. The flag Administration should also be notified as soon as possible.）。
14、确保PSCO登轮后，始终有人陪同（ Ensure the inspection team is escorted at debarkation.）
15、应注意文化差异（Be aware of cultural differences.）
以下缺陷容易导致滞留：
1、救助艇davit吊故障没有进行报告或采取维修措施，无法释放救生艇（Failure to report and take corrective action on existing inoperable rescue boat davit, rending the rescue boat incapable of launching.）
2、机舱配电系统故障报警，没能及时报告或采取维修措施。（ Failure to report and take corrective action on existing inoperative electronic switchboard cards, which caused the engine room to be without required alarms.）
3、速闭阀故障，放火挡板故障、火灾报警故障、货舱通过系统故障或透气管/帽损坏（Failure to report and take corrective action on existing inoperative quick closing valves, fire dampers, fire detection sensor, cargo hold ventilator covers, and/or gooseneck vents.）。
4、应急发电机相关故障（ Failure to report and take corrective action on existing problems related to emergency generator.）
5、驾驶台通讯导航设备故障（ Failure to report and take corrective action on existing defective radio and communication equipment.）
6、应急消防泵故障（Failure to report and take corrective action on existing defective Emergency fire pump.）
7、油水分离器故障（ Failure to report and take corrective action on existing defective OWS.）
8、生活污水处理装置三通阀位置不正确（ Failure to report and take corrective action on existing inoperative three way valves.）
9、故意禁止使用某些设备，以致危及船员、环境、船舶安全。常见禁止使用的设备有：局部水雾灭火系统被关闭或处于手动位置，燃油速闭阀处于常闭位置、油水分离器油分计被故意旁通等（ Intentional overriding or disabling equipment and systems, such as, water mist fire-fighting systems, quick closing fuel supply valves, and bypassing the oily water separator oil content meter. Such actions endanger the safety of the crew, the ship and the environment and should not be tolerated.）
10、船员不能演示油水分离器、电子海图以及应急消防泵的使用和测试（ The crew was not able to successfully demonstrate the operation of the OWS, ECDIS and Emergency fire pump.）
按照利比里亚法律Liberian Regulation 2.35的要求
船长和船东有义务确保船舶符合国际公约要求（It shall be the responsibility of owners and masters to ensure that their vessels are in compliance with the requirements of all applicable International Conventions and Agreements.）
对于在利比里亚船舶上服务的船长，轮机长及船员，未能确保上述情况可能导致暂停或撤销利比里亚签发的证书（For the Master, Chief Engineer and Officers serving on Liberian Vessels, failure to ensure the above may result in suspension or revocation of any endorsement, license, certificate or other document issued by Liberia.）
对于岸上指定人员，未能确保遵守SMS或其他国际公约将导致额外的安全或MLC检查，或对船舶的ISM和ISPS附加审核，甚至于对公司的附加ISM审核。（ For the Designated Person Ashore, failure to ensure compliance with the SMS or International Conventions will result in either an additional Safety or MLC Inspections, or ISM and ISPS audit of the vessel and/or an Additional ISM audit of the Company.）
PSC迎检自查表
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